Yogyakarta, September 11, 2024 – Room S709 Soegondo Building 7th Floor Faculty of Cultural Sciences Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) was filled with academics, students, and the general public who enthusiastically attended the national seminar entitled “Palestine: From Nakba to Tufan Al-Aqsa” on Wednesday, September 11, 2024. The seminar was held to celebrate the retirement of Dr. Hindun, M.Hum., an expert in language, communication, and culture who has devoted herself for many years at UGM.

Dr. Hindun, M.Hum. is a lecturer at Faculty of Humanities UGM with specialization in Arabic literature, communication, and culture. She completed her master’s degree at the Faculty of Humanities UGM with a thesis on Emha Ainun Nadjib’s Asmaul Husna poems and Al-Ghazali’s “Al-Maqshadul-Asna”. In 2016, he earned his doctorate at the Department of Literature, Faculty of Cultural Sciences UGM with a thesis entitled “Palestinian Arab Resistance in the Poetry of Maḥmūd Darwīsh: A Study of Adab al-Muqāwamah al-Ayyūbī.”

The seminar, hosted by Dr. Hindun, presented an in-depth discussion on Palestinian history and literature, focusing on two major events that shaped the narrative of the Palestinian struggle. “Nakba” refers to the tragedy of the expulsion and suffering of the Palestinian people in 1948, and ‘Tufan Al-Aqsa,’ a term used to describe the current situation in the region.

With the end of the seminar, the Faculty of Humanities UGM affirmed its commitment to continue supporting research and studies relevant to global issues, including the Palestinian conflict and literature. The seminar was also a moment of reflection and appreciation for the dedication of Dr. Hindun who has made great contributions in the academic and research fields over the years.

On September 5, 2024, a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) took place in the Conference Room 1 of the Dean’s Building of the Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM). This event was held as part of an effort to develop an online adaptive Arabic language test instrument based on ACTFL theory using CBT (Computer-Based Testing) at Darussalam Gontor University.

The researchers from Universitas Darussalam Gontor who attended this event were Dr. Ihwan Mahmudi, Dr. Ahmad Saifulloh, Dr. Moh. Ismail, and Dr. Izzul Fatawi. They explained the linguistic test development plan that they designed to improve the quality of Arabic language teaching through an adaptive testing approach.

The event was also attended by lecturers from the Faculty of Humanities UGM who gave a warm welcome to the researchers. The discussion focused on sharing information and experiences regarding the different types of language tests that have been implemented at the Faculty of Humanities UGM. The UGM lecturers provided valuable guidance and insights on how to develop and implement effective language tests, as well as the challenges that may be faced in the process.

This collaboration between Universitas Darussalam Gontor and the UGM Faculty of Cultural Sciences is expected to produce better test instruments, which not only measure Arabic language proficiency effectively but also adapt to the needs and latest technological developments in language education. 

This activity is an important step forward in efforts to improve the quality of Arabic language learning and is expected to be a model for other institutions in the development of technology-based language tests.

Yogyakarta, September 11, 2024 – Located in the Auditorium of Soegondo Building 7th Floor, Faculty of Cultural Sciences (FIB) Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) hosted a visit from MAN 2 Blitar students. The event which took place from 09.00 to 11.00 am was filled with high enthusiasm from the participants.

During this visit, MAN 2 Blitar students had the opportunity to explore various information related to FIB and UGM. The material presented by the faculty covered various aspects of the available study programs, facilities, and campus life at UGM. The detailed and interactive explanation made the students very involved and excited during the event.

The discussion session became one of the most anticipated moments. The students did not hesitate to ask various relevant questions, such as information about scholarships available at UGM, average SNBP scores, and UTBK scores needed to enter the Faculty. In addition, they also asked about achievements that can be obtained through memorizing the Quran and organizational experience of UGM Faculty of Arts students. All these questions were answered directly by UGM students who shared their experiences with enthusiasm.

The visit ended with a very memorable gift. MAN 2 Blitar students donated their calligraphy works and typical Blitar food as a form of appreciation and memento for the Faculty of Arts UGM. The souvenirs were warmly received and became a symbol of the friendship that existed between the two parties. This visit is expected to strengthen the relationship between MAN 2 Blitar and UGM and provide a clearer picture of academic life and opportunities at the Faculty of Cultural Sciences UGM.

Yogyakarta, Monday night 19th of August 2024, the Faculty of Philosophy, Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM), organized a shadow puppet show in the framework of the anniversary of the Faculty of Philosophy. The performance featured a special play, Gajah Mada Suci, which was performed collaboratively by UGM students who are members of the UGM Surakarta Style Javanese Arts Unit (UKJGS). One of the important roles in this performance was carried out by M. Rafi Nur Fauzy, a student of the Javanese Language, Literature, and Culture Study Program class of 2023, chosen to perform a play that was collaboratively worked on by the academics community of Universitas Gadjah Mada.

The script for the performance of Gajah Mada Suci was written by Dr. Rudy Wiratama S.I.P., M.A., lecturer of Javanese Language, Literature and Culture Study Program. Gajah Mada Suci tells the story of the scapegoating of Gajah Mada under the pretext of the failure of the Majapahit Kingdom expansion. The expansion also coincided with the kingdom’s internal political turmoil. To make matters worse, Gajah Mada was accused by the elites of trying to remove him from the kingdom. As a result, Gajah Mada felt desperate and afterward he visited the residence of his friend, Mpu Tantular. After a long dialog, Gajah Mada was finally enlightened, that the efforts he had made so far were not in vain. The spirit of Amukti Palapa to unite the archipelago will continue in the next era.

“The performance of the Gajah Mada Suci is a form of depiction of the Indonesian nation that has experienced an identity crisis by winning over an interest and power through any means. Gajah Mada, who was a knight, finally moksa due to the deviant behavior of the Majapahit elite. After that, the Majapahit Kingdom lost its authority and then receded until it reached its collapse,” explained Rafi in an interview (05/09/2024).

As a special play, Rafi and his fellow UKJGS students practiced hard for a maximum performance. “The performance of Gajah Mada Suci has its own challenges for us. We practiced preparing for the performance in only half a month. Plus, this is my first time to play the Gajah Mada puppet, so it must be carefully prepared.”

“With these challenges, Alhamdulillah, the show can run smoothly. It was a great experience for me,” he continued.  Rafi hopes that the Gajah Mada puppet show will be held continuously because it is the work and identity of UGM as well as containing values that need to be socialized.

The existence of the Gajah Mada puppet is a real effort to promote the history and culture of the archipelago while still applying its relevance to the times. Through culture, we are not only ‘displaying’ aesthetics, but also reaffirming the nation’s identity through noble values for a better Indonesia.

Indonesia is popular for its global spice culture. One form of the archipelago’s natural wealth has been glimpsed by foreign nations since ancient times because of its motive as a food flavor enhancer. Spices are a form of plant variety that has multifunctions in people’s lives, with limited use. In addition to their function as a flavor enhancer, spices are also used in medicine. The existence of spices in Indonesia still survives in terms of function until now. Each region has its own characteristics in utilizing spices in everyday life, both in traditional and modern ways.

The world has begun to change, the times are changing by showing new cultural entities. Nevertheless, the memory of knowledge about spices in the archipelago is still documented in several literary works. In the Javanese literary tradition in Yogyakarta, there are several ancient manuscripts that discuss spice processing, one of which is Serat Primbon Jampi Jawi. Serat Primbon Jampi Jawi is one of the manuscripts in the library collection of the Dewantara Museum Kirti Griya Taman Siswa Yogyakarta, with the entire content of the manuscript discussing traditional medicine. Interestingly, the ingredients used in the treatment are mostly spices.

The life of Javanese people in the past could not be separated from spices. In Serat Primbon Jampi Jawi, there is some information about spices as ingredients for traditional herbal medicine, which are used to cure complaints of pain experienced by the community. Even the use of several types of spices is also explained in Serat Primbon Jampi Jawi in chapters XXVI-XLII. The traditional medicine methods in this manuscript are quite interesting when compared to modern medicine. One of the contents of the manuscript that is rarely explored is the knowledge about menstruation from a traditional Javanese perspective.

In chapter XXII, it discusses the treatment of menstruation in adult women. In this chapter, traditional recipes are explained to overcome menstrual problems and facilitate the menstrual cycle. As well as recipes for herbal medicine during pre-menstruation, and post-menstruation.

1. If a woman is about to menstruate, it is recommended to grind the root of walulangan grass, betel leaf root, alas root, pulasari, when it becomes a fine powder, then rub it on the genitals. In Serat Primbon Jampi Jawi, it is explained as follows: /Badhe sukêr : 1. Oyod rumput walulangan, 2. Oyod sêdhah, 3. Oyod alas, 4. Pulasari, kapipis lêmbat kaparêmakên ing baga/.
2. When not menstruating, it is recommended to consume preparations of orang-aring, pulasari, shallots, and menyan honey, mashed until soft, then drunk. This is in line with the contents of Serat Primbon Jampi Jawi, which reads: /Botên sukêr : 1. Ron orang aring, 2. Adas, 3. Pulasari, 4. Brambang, 5. Mênyan mabên, kapipis lêmbat kaombe/.
3. If a woman does not menstruate and feels hot, then garurames, jadam, ginger, and keji leaves can be a remedy. These spices are boiled and then drunk. The text explains: /Botên sukêr ingkang kraos bênter : 1. Garuramês, 2. Jadham, 3. Jae, kagodhog kaangge omben-omben utawi => Ron kêji kagodhog kaliyan bêling, kaangge omben-omben/.
4. After menstruation, one should consume a drink of empu turmeric, mesoyi, white cumin, black cumin, trawas, sidawayah, kencur, mungsi, manis jangan, cloves, nutmeg, secang, kelabu, and shallots. The spices are burned, mashed, and drunk. This is in accordance with the contents in Serat Primbon Jampi Jawi, as follows: /Bakda sukêr : 1. Êmpu kunir kabakar, 2. Mêsoyi, 3. Jintên pêthak, 4. Jintên cêmêng, 5. Trawas, 6. Sidawayah, 7. Kêncur, 8. Mungsi, 9. Manis jangan, 10. Cêngkeh, 11. Pala, 12. Sêcang, 13. Klabêt, 14. Brambang kabakar, kapipis kaombe/.

The traditional herbal medicine recipe for smooth menstruation above is explicitly mentioned in the text. Serat Primbon Jampi Jawi is a literary work that contains an encyclopedia of spices as ingredients for traditional medicine in the Yogyakarta area. Although literary works emphasize aesthetic aspects, with a lack of authenticity and accuracy, the information contained in literary works is a reflection of the culture at that time. Serat Primbon Jampi Jawi is a literary work, but information about the function of spices as traditional medicine may have existed in the past. The utilization of spices in the smooth menstrual phase of women is one proof of the diversity of spice functions in Yogyakarta in the past.

Yogyakarta is a city of culture. The vortex of spice development in this city seems quite complex, this is evidenced by the existence of ancient manuscripts that discuss the use of spices, either medicinally or in food. Some examples of such manuscripts are Serat Primbon Jampi Jawi. Serat Kawruh Bab Jampi-jampi Jawi, Serat Centhini, etc. Seeing the abundance of literary works on herbal medicine proves that the life of the people of Jogja cannot be separated from spices and their utilization.

Bibliography

Utami, R, R, P. 2010. Serat Primbon Jampi Jawi Koleksi Perpustakaan Museum Dewantara Kirti Griya (Suntingan Teks dan Terjemahan). Thesis. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada.

Image credit: https://www.halodoc.com/kesehatan/menstruasi

Author : Muhammad Siswoyo

Editor : Haryo Untoro