Yogyakarta, 13/2/25 – The Department of History, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada has successfully held a public lecture entitled “Beyond the Point of No Return: The Re-Emergence of Indonesian Debates and Concepts of the Return of Cultural Objects” on Thursday, February 13, 2025 at Soegondo’s Auditorium Building.

The public lecture was opened with remarks from the Head of the UGM Department of History, Dr. Abdul Wahid, who emphasized the importance of academic studies in the context of repatriation. The large number of Indonesian artifacts brought to the Netherlands was often accompanied by coercion. This is evidenced by the strengthening of momentum in the post-1949 era, especially in the 1970s, centered on the Dutch perspective, which tended to marginalize Indonesian voices on the issue.

Documentation of UGM Department of History, Muhammad Faisal Adnan

The session featured Dr. Sadiah Boonstra, a historian and curator from CultureLab Consultancy who is also an Honorary Senior Fellow at the University of Melbourne. She said that this public lecture was part of her repatriation research program in Indonesia. The research aims to examine more deeply the issue of returning cultural objects that historically originated from Indonesia, but are now in museums in the Netherlands.

In her lecture, Dr. Sadiah Boonstra highlighted the latest developments regarding the return of Indonesian artifacts, including the steps taken by the Royal Family of the Netherlands in returning a number of historical items to Indonesia. However, she also explained that museum collections in the Netherlands cannot be arbitrarily transferred, but must first be offered to other public institutions before being returned to their country of origin.

“The repatriation process is not simple. There are various legal and procedural challenges that must be met, especially since each country has its own regulations when it comes to the transfer of museum collections,” said Dr. Sadiah Boonstra.

Along with the increasing awareness of the importance of returning historical artifacts to Indonesia, this public lecture is expected to be a spark for academics and stakeholders to continue fighting for Indonesia’s rights to its cultural objects scattered in various parts of the world.

[Public Relation of Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Muhammad Ebid El Hakim]

Yogyakarta, 4/2/2025 – Prof. dr. Martijn Eickhoff gave a presentation on the extreme violence committed by the Dutch military during the Indonesian War of Independence in a discussion organized by the Universitas Gadjah Mada Department of History and several Dutch institutions on Tuesday, February 4, 2025 in Room 709 Soegondo Building, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada. The discussion was attended by 24 participants, including the Head of the History Department of Universitas Gadjah Mada, Dr. Abdul Wahid.

In his presentation, Prof. dr. Martijn Eickhoff outlined the key findings of the book “Beyond the Pale” which is the result of a comprehensive research involving 30 Dutch researchers, 11 Indonesian researchers, and 6 international researchers. The research began in September 2017 with the full support of the Dutch government without any intervention. “The official view of the Dutch government in 1969 that the armed forces as a whole behaved correctly in Indonesia and that there were only a few excesses is no longer tenable,” he says.

The research reveals that the Dutch military frequently and structurally used extreme violence, including torture, summary executions, rape, destruction of property and burning of villages. Political, military, civilian and legal officials at the time tolerated, promoted, covered up and took no action to punish perpetrators of violence.

Prof. dr. Martijn Eickhoff explains some of the factors that led to the extreme violence, including the underestimation of the strength of Indonesian nationalism that led to unrealistic political and military strategies, and the willingness to use extreme violence to destroy the Republic and take control of decolonization. This is in line with what he asserts, “The Dutch armed forces as an institution are responsible for this widespread and structural extreme violence. The Dutch government as a whole is responsible for what happened”.

In response to the results of this study, the Rutte Cabinet immediately offered support and apologies aimed primarily at Indonesian victims, the Indisch community, and veterans. However, some segments of the veteran and Indisch communities expressed disappointment and anger. Activist groups also criticized the study for ignoring centuries of colonial injustice.

In Indonesia, the positive response has mainly come from academics, while the reaction from the government and the public has been cool. This discussion is part of an effort to bridge the historical narratives between Indonesia and the Netherlands in the Indonesian War of Independence.

[Public Relation of Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Muhammad Ebid El Hakim]

A total of six students of the Faculty of Cultural Sciences underwent a Certified Cultural Internship program placed at the Balai Pelestarian Kebudayaan region X (Yogyakarta – Central Java), this internship is part of the Certified Internship and Independent Study activities. They came from several study programs namely Cultural Anthropology (Amandha Eva, Gemma Padira, Via Vitarina, and Widya Pandega), History (Duhita Prananing Tyasayu), and Arabic Literature (Salma Shidqiyah). The six students were divided into two fields, namely Assistant Cultural Heritage Recorder and Assistant Recorder of Cultural Promotion Objects. For four months from September to December 2024, they had the opportunity to expand their knowledge related to cultural heritage preservation, starting from multi tagging analysis, documentation, the process of determining cultural heritage and intangible cultural heritage, data collection, to interviews.

Documentation of internship students while exploring Ijo Temple

Not limited to data collection, interns also have the opportunity to participate in the process of the Cultural Heritage Expert Team hearing and play a direct role in the formation of Regional Cultural Thoughts (PPKD). Before collecting data directly in the field, they were introduced to the Directorate General of Culture and its duties and functions, they also received briefings related to the types and legal protection of Cultural Heritage and Cultural Promotion Objects,

As a final project, they translated the cultural heritage into a magazine entitled Tracing the Charm of Ijo Temple: Civilization Above the Clouds, a “Cultify” podcast inviting KI Gondo Suharno, and flashcards containing several Objects of Cultural Advancement as learning media for students in kindergarten. In addition, they also worked on individual assignments in the form of scientific papers on critical reviews of various aspects of cultural heritage.

[Public Relation of Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Sandya Kirani]