JENDERAL BESAR ATAWA MARSEKAL GUNTUR

Dies Natalis ke 68 Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Gadjah Mada
Sabtu, 8 Maret, 2014, Pk 19.00 di PKKH UGM
(free, tanpa tiket, terbuka untuk umum)

Naskah: Cahyaningrum Dewojati

Diadaptasi dari Hikayat Mareskalek
Karya Abdullah bin Muhammad al-Misri (1811)

Sutradara : Cahyaningrum Dewojati & Sudibyo
Pimpinan Produksi : Heru Marwata
Penata Iringan : Bayu Papang Purnama
Penata Artistik : Gilang Anggryawan, Zakiya Amajida, Paulina Amita Ratna Budi, Citra Kurnia Sholihat
Penata Kostum : Bagus Febriyanto, Eko, & Tim Jurusan Tata Busana UNY
Pengrawit : Tim Karawitan Mahasiswa FIB UGM

Para Pemain (Terdiri atas Dekan, Dosen, dan Mahasiswa FIB UGM):
Pujo Semedi, Heru Marwata, Sudibyo, Bagus Febrianto, Wulan Astuti, Cahyaningrum Dewojati, Arsanti Wulandari, Baha’udin, Stedi Wardoyo, Pujiharto, Hamdan Kasturo, Dian Annisa, Rakhmat Soleh, Novi Siti Kussuji I, Widaratih Kamiso, Wahyu Budi Utomo, Kukuh Luthfi S, Christofer Joseph, Mahmud Hidayat, Pradhipta Putra Pratama, Ferian Estu Putra, Danang Putro Wijoyo, Anindya L Kumara, Tania Nugraheni A, Cecep Nurul Amin, Arin Wahyu Agustin, Bambang Widyonarko, Daiyana Gilang Setiawan, Vincentius Bagas, Nedta Septi, Tri Nurvian Fadhilah, Sudrajat Bimantara, Ahmad Muquffa, Lukman Fauzi, Ahmad Naufal, Syafiq, M. Lukman Arifianto, Farizan Adli N, Wahyu P, Annisa Nurul Ulfa, Zam Zam Nafi’atun, Maryam Adaui, Annisa Apriliani, Resti Dwi Mulyani

Penari: Miftahul Jannah, Ika, Fitria Dewi Rahmawati, Ella Rizky E
Pedansa: Tim Dansa Padamu UGM

Sinopsis

JENDERAL BESAR ATAWA MARSEKAL GUNTUR

Hikayat Mareskalek yang diadaptasi menjadin lakon ketoprak Jenderal Besar atawa Marsekal Guntur tampaknya ditulis untuk menyudutkan orang Jawa dan mengagungkan orang kulit putih dalam hal ini Mareskalek (Daendels). Tidak begitu jelas motivasi pengarang menempatkan orang Jawa dan feodalisme Jawa dalam posisi pinggiran seperti itu. Yang pasti ia sangat kritis dalam melihat berbagai kekurangan yang terjadi dalam kehidupan masyarakat Jawa. Posisinya itu kadang-kadang digunakannya untuk merendahkan orang Jawa sebagai orang kulit hitam meskipun ketika menyampaikan hal itu ia menggunakan tokoh Mareskalek ( Daendels).

Dijelaskan oleh Mareskalek bahwa kehancuran kerajaan-kerajaan Jawa terjadi karena raja-raja Jawa hanya melestarikan apa yang telah diwariskan oleh para leluhurnya tanpa berusaha untuk mengembangkan segala potensi yang sudah ada itu untuk kemakmuran negerinya. Di samping itu, keluarga bangsawan Jawa sangat mementingkan kehidupan keduniawiaan meskipun tidak didasari oleh etos untuk merebut harta benda dunia secara utuh. Orang Jawa juga dicitrakan sebagai bangsa yang bodoh, tidak efisien, dan memiliki syahwat seksual yang kuat. Penstereotipan ini tampaknya digunakan untuk menjelaskan ketergantungan (feodalisme) Jawa kepada bangsa kulit putih yang sepanjang hikayat dicitrakan sebagai bangsa yang superior. Inferioritas ini mengukuhkan bahwa dominasi bangsa kulit putih atas Jawa adalah legal. Jawa pantas mendapatkan pencerahan karena masih diliputi kegelapan.

Mareskalek terus-menerus menyudutkan bumiputra Jawa dengan cara melucuti hak-hak istimewa aristokrat Jawa. Dengan mudahnya, seorang petani biasa dikukuhkan sebagai tumenggung. Selain itu, orang-orang yang dianggapnya berjasa karena membantu menggerakkan perniagaan komoditas yang laku di pasar Eropa, seperti kopi dan cengkih,dimuliakannya menjadi Jenderal Kopi dan Jenderal Cengkih. Mareskalek tidak berhenti sampai di situ. Ia merasa bahwa ia adalah maharaja Jawa yang sesungguhnya karena raja-raja Jawa dari Barat sampai ke Timur telah takluk di bawah kekuasaannya. Untuk itu, ia menobatkan dirinya sebagai raja diraja Jawa dengan gelar yang dipilihnya sendiri, yaitu Kanjeng Susuhunan Mangkurat Mangkubuwana. Penobatan Mareskalek sebagai Kanjeng Susuhunan Mangkurat Mangkubuwana menyebabkan Sunan Kalijaga murka. Ia hadir dalam mimpi Mareskalek dan mengingatkannya bahwa tindakannya keterlaluan. Dengan segenap kewibawaannya, Sunan Kalijaga mengingatkan bahwa kekuasaan Mareskalek telah berakhir karena telah menyalahgunakan wewenang yang diamanatkan kepadanya. Mareskalek menyadari kekeliruannya, tetapi telah terlambat. Surat pemanggilan pulangnya ke negeri Belanda telah dilayangkan oleh Kaisar Napoleon. Mareskalek pulang ke Belanda dengan menyimpan kekecewaan.

The objectives of this study were to clarify acoustic characteristics of Korean stops and to investigate and compare Indonesian Javanese and Sundanese non native Korean speaker’s VOT and Korean native speaker’s VOT production of stops. The acoustic analysis was accomplished by measuring the Korean stops (ㄱ/k, ㄲ/kʔ, ㅋ/kh, ㄷ/t, ㄸ/tʔ, ㅌ/th, ㅂ/p, ㅃ/pʔ, ㅍ/ph) VOT in word-initial position and word-medial positions. The comparison of the VOT was conducted on place of articulation, manner of articulation, and the environment of word(in word-initial and word-medial positions).

The result of the acoustic analysis indicated that the VOT of plain stops and aspirated stops pronounced by Korean speakers had significant differences between word-initial and word-medial positions. Moreover, plain stops and aspirated stop VOT in word-initial were longer than that of word-medial positions. There was not significant difference between the VOT of tensed stops in word-initial and word-medial positions. In the case of Javanese and Sundanese, there is not difference on their VOT in word-initial position and word-medial positions.

Based on place of articulation, velar stops has longer VOT than alveolar stops or bilabial stops. In word-initial and word-medial position, based on place of articulation Korean and Javanese’s VOT were ‘velar stops > alveolar > bilabial’ ordering, while that of Sundanese’s VOT was ‘velar stops > bilabial > alveolar’ ordering.

Based on manner of articulation, aspirated stops have longer VOT than tensed stops or plain stops. In word-initial position, Korean and Javanese’s VOT were ‘aspirated stops > plain stops > tensed stops’, while that of Sundanese’s VOT was ‘aspirated stops > tensed stops > plain stops’. in word-initial position, Korean plain stops is unvoiced but voiced in word-medial positions. Therefore in word-medial position, Korean and Sundanese’s VOT were ‘aspiration>tensed stops>plain stops’. But VOT of Javanese in word-medial position was similar to that in word-initial position of ‘aspirated stops > plain stops > tense stops’.

In word-medial position, plain stops pronounced by Korean, Sundanese, and Javanese is voiced, but voiced pronounced by Javanese is different than others. Javanese voiced are pronounced like voiceless stops with breathy voice of the following vowel. Therefore, in word-initial or word-medial position, Javanese and Sundanese plain stops VOT are different. In word-medial position, Javanese and Korean plain stops VOT different as well.

In word-initial position and word-medial position, tensed stops pronounced by Korean or Indonesian(Javanese or Sundanese) have no significant difference. tensed stops pronounced by Javanese or Sundanese have longer VOT than tensed stops pronounced by Korean. However, T-test analysis demonstrated that, compared to plain stops and aspirated stops, tensed stops pronounced by Indonesian are most similar with Korean pronunciation.

Among Indonesian stops consonants, none of them have features of aspiration. Therefore Indonesians tend to be have difficulty in pronouncing Korean aspirated stops. In word-initial position, aspirated stops pronounced by Korean have longer VOT than aspirated stops pronounced by Indonesian, but In word-medial position, aspirated stops pronounced by Indonesian have longer VOT than aspiratied stops

Speaker: Achmad Rio Dessiar, M.A.

Seminar Hasil Penelitian FIB UGM merupakan salah satu kegiatan dalam rangkaian acara Dies Natalis FIB UGM ke-68. Seminar ini bertujuan untuk menyebarluaskan hasil penelitian masing-masing wakil prodi/jurusan di FIB UGM sehingga diharapkan hasil-hasil penelitian warga FIB tersebut dapat terpublikasikan pada segenap civitas academica FIB dan masyarakat umum. Seminar akan diselenggarakan Kamis, 6 Maret 2014 mulai pukul 08.00 WIB hingga 16.00 WIB di Auditorium FIB, Gedung Purbatjaraka lantai 3 FIB UGM. Peserta seminar tidak dipungut biaya, tetapi terbatas hanya untuk 150 orang yang dapat berasal dari mahasiswa, dosen, karyawan, dan masyarakat umum. Peserta akan mendapatkan fasilitas berupa booklet seminar, sertifikat, kudapan, dan makan siang. Pendaftaran peserta seminar dapat melalui sekretariat panitia dies, kang_ahid@yahoo.com, mimi_savitri@yahoo.com, atau wirakurniawati@ugm.ac.id.

The theme of this academic forum is:
“Making New Cultural Tradition for Sustainable City”
12th Urban Research Plaza Academic Forum

Time : March 8, 2014
Venue : Campus Indonesia Institute of Arts Yogyakarta (ISI) Jl. Parangtritis, Yogyakarta
Time : 08.00 – 15.00 WIB
Panelists : from Osaka City University, Indonesia Institute of Arts Yogyakarta (ISI), and Universitas Gadjah Mada

Urban area can be defined as a meeting place where individuals from different places with diverse cultural backgrounds interact. Although people lives in urban area are often considered as passive cultural producers, in fact they are also cultural producers. Through inclusive interaction, they create distinctive characteristics of urban culture which is often referred as modern or popular culture. In many cases urban area has been transformed into a ‘melting pot’ as a result of intensive interaction. Such a production of culture is largely achieved through cultural events. The 12th Urban Research Plaza Forum 2014 will discuss “Making New Cultural Tradition for Sustainable City”. It will emphasize on how people lives in urban area produces culture on their own way. In this case, culture is understood as a dynamic thing that will never stop to proceed, especially in Japan and Indonesia.

By delivering this theme, the attention will be drawn into how space and cultural events in urban areas can merge into wider social interaction and become a short of new culture. It is important to learn how this so called new culture has shaped the live of urban community and it has become a vehicle for the agents of culture to explore its potential in the present and future to articulate their ‘voices’ and existency in the communities.

It is necessary to reconsider the relationship between art and culture as it can be used as a tool to create greater social access and engagement within marginalized community. It also can be used to develop networking and to expand a community’s role from audience to active participants. It always offers a new model for art in the urban context. Art and cultural integration is absolutely needed when used as a tool to provide wide access for community in solving increasingly complex social issues, particularly in urban community.

The forum is open for public.
Please kindly send your request to participate at urp.fib@ugm.ac.id
or contact person:

Zahrani Balqis (085228049401)
Wulan Astuti (08122717332)
Arum Candra (081804034956)

Introduction
URP (Urban Research Plaza) of Osaka City University
The Urban Research Plaza was established in April 2006. It is a brand new research center created by Osaka City University. The University has put its energy into urban studies, and produced results befitting a metropolitan university. As its name indicates, the strongest feature of Urban Research Plaza is its framework, based on the image of a ‘public square.’ Unlike ordinary graduate schools and research institutions, Urban Research Plaza does not house permanent facilities or staff members who do research within the facilities and contribute to society with their research results. Instead, the Urban Research Plaza features small, re-locatable satellites (‘field plazas’ and overseas centers) to be opened in Osaka and foreign cities, in addition to the small number of staff and core facilities (Takahara Hall) located at the university campus. Its staff members constantly go out into the field and go abroad for research and activities for community development. With this in mind, the Urban Research Plaza serves as the center of networks for research and urban revitalization, or an open forum where people gather
and meet around the theme of ‘cities.’

Cities are supposed to be an arena where new knowledge and culture is created through encounters and discourse amidst a gathering of a large number of people unknown to each other. The Urban Research Plaza is aimed at creating a research organization in urban settings of the 21st century that will implement a wide variety of endeavors with its unique structure and approach.

Osaka is currently a ‘city of suffering’ which faces the greatest problems in Japan in more ways than one. The philosophy of the Urban Research Plaza is to be a research institution in accord with Osaka City’s communities, and to share pain, pleasure and rage with the citizens.

Urban Research Plaza Yogyakarta Office
The Urban Research Plaza (URP) Yogyakarta Office was established by Osaka City University in cooperation with the Indonesia Institute of the Arts (ISI) and Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) as one of overseas satellite centers of URP in Osaka, Japan. It is located in Faculty of Cultural Sciences UGM and was first known as Urban Culture Research Center (UCRC). Though the cooperation had been started long ago since year 2003 but the sub-center had just been effectively running only after year 2006 following name-shifting from UCRC into URP.

Very small number of officials does not hamper the office to actively inviting local scholars, practitioners and governmental elements the sub center annually holds an international forum to discuss urban issues aiming to spread the spirit of urban studies and to find the best possible solutions for urban problems.

The panelists of 12th URP Academic Forum are as following:
1. Dr. Widya Nayati (Faculty of Cultural Sciences, UGM)
2. Hesti Rahayu, S.Sn., M.A. (Faculty of Visual Art, ISI)
3. Y. Joned Suryatmoko Ndaruhadi, S.I.P (UGM)
4. Dr. Citra Aryandari, M.A. (Faculty of Performing Arts, ISI)
5. Yulita Kusuma Sari, S.T., M.Sc. (Faculty of Cultural Sciences, UGM)
6. Mr. Shinichi Takaoka (Graduate School of Engineering, OCU)
7. OCU delegation (in confirmation)
8. UGM Architecture Department (in confirmation)

Forum Linguistik UGM terbentuk pada Kamis, 23 Januari 2013 pukul 13.00—14.30 dalam rapat yang diselenggarakan di ruang C 103. Forum ini merupakan wadah untuk bertukar pikiran atau diskusi serta kegiatan ilmiah lainnya yang berhubungan dengan linguistik. Direncanakan forum ini akan menyelenggarakan diskusi rutin setiap bulan. Selain diskusi bulanan, forum ini juga mewadahi dosen atau linguis, baik dari dalam maupun luar UGM yang ingin memberikan kuliah atau sharing keilmuan untuk menambah wawasan sehingga diharapkan ada up grade keilmuan yang berhubungan dengan ihwal linguistik di kalangan pemerhati linguistik UGM.

Dalam melaksanakan kegiatan, forum ini diharapkan dapat bekerja sama dengan MLI Komisariat UGM yang sudah terbentuk pada beberapa waktu lalu. Kegiatan yang dilakukan tidak harus besar, bisa pula dengan diskusi sederhana atau book review dengan suasana yang dibuat “cair”. Selain itu, dalam bidang pengajaran linguistik di kalangan FIB UGM, dari forum ini diharapkan ada sharing terkait materi ajar untuk mata kuliah bidang linguistik pada setiap jurusan/prodi di FIB UGM. Juga diharapkan dari forum ini dapat tercipta penerbitan buku linguistik.

Forum ini akan memulai kegiatannya dengan melaksanakan diskusi bulanan pada Februari. Diskusi perdana akan dilaksanakan Jumat, 21 Februari 2014 pukul 13.00 di Ruang Sidang I FIB UGM. Pembicara yang akan membawakan materinya adalah Ibu Aprillia Firmonasari, S.S., M.Hum., D.E.A. Adapun (calon) pembicara pada diskusi bulan-bulan selanjutnya adalah Ibu Sulistyowati, S.S., M.Hum., Bapak Drs. Tri Mastoyo, M.Hum., Bapak Drs. Sajarwa, M.Hum., Bapak Prof. Dr. I Dewa Putu Wijana, S.U., M.A., dan Bapak Drs. Suharsono, M.Hum.