Pemertahanan dan Pergeseran Bahasa Minangkabau
Dalam Komunikasi Mahasiswa : Sebuah Penelusuran Awal

Oleh: Muhammad Al-Hafizh
Program Studi Ilmu-Ilmu Humaniora FIB UGM

2 April 2015 ; Ruang Sidang 1 FIB UGM
Pukul 13.00

Indonesia adalah salah satu negara di dunia yang memiliki banyak ragam bahasa daerah. Jumlah bahasa daerah di Indonesia yang sudah didata oleh Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa kurang lebih 743 bahasa. Sebagian bahasa daerah tersebut adalah bahasa daerah yang tetap eksis dan masih bertahan hingga saat ini karena didukung oleh jumlah penutur yang besar. Namun, ada pula bahasa daerah yang terancam punah karena jumlah penuturnya sedikit dan hanya digunakan oleh kalangan generasi tua. Bahasa Minangkabau adalah salah satu bahasa daerah dari rumpun bahasa Melayu yang memiliki penutur lebih dari 5.530.000 jiwa yang menggunakan bahasa Minangkabau sebagai bahasa ibu khususnya di provinsi Sumatera Barat (kecuali di kepulauan Mentawai). Seiring dengan perkembangan zaman dan arus globalisasi, pemertahanan dan pelestarian bahasa Minangkabau dirasakan semakin penting untuk digalakkan, khusunya di kalangan mahasiswa. Tulisan ini merupakan hasil penelusuran awal mengenai pemertahanan dan pergeseran bahasa Minangkabau dalam komunikasi mahasiswa yang dilakukan di Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni UNP Padang. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui bagimana bentuk pemertahanan dan pergeseran bahasa Minangkabau di kalangan mahasiswa. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner dan pengamatan langsung. Responden penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa FBS UNP yang dipilih berdasarkan kriteria sebagai penutur asli bahasa Minangkabau. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif, dan data dianalisis secara kuantitatif. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ditemukannya lemahnya pemertahanan dan pelestarian bahasa Minangkabau di kalangan mahasiswa. Oleh karena itu diusulkan seperangkat strategi untuk pelestarian bahasa Minangkabau yang meliputi; gerakan satu hari berbahasa Minangkabau di kampus, penulisan karya sastra berbahasa Minangkabau, dan komunikasi jejaring sosial berbahasa Minangkabau.

Key word: bahasa Minangkabau, pemertahanan bahasa, pergerseran bahasa

Overcapacity in the Java Sea Cantrangan Fishery: An Anthropological Approach to a Persistent Management Problem

Pemateri:Dr. Katharina Schneider
(Heidelberg University)

26 Maret 2015
Ruang Sidang 1 FIB UGM
Pukul 13.00

Abstract:
Overcapacity (‘too many boats chasing too few fish’) is a persistent problem in fisheries all around the world and is widely regarded as one of the key drivers of overfishing. It has also been linked to poverty among fishers. Little progress has been made in addressing this problem. From an anthropological perspective, one obvious reason is that scientists tend to insist on measuring problems before solving them. Measuring overcapacity is notoriously difficult, especially in the small-scale, mixed gear and multi-species fisheries of the global south. Based on ethnographic research with fishers in an over-capacitated fishery on the Java north coast, this paper aims to outline an alternative, anthropological approach that makes the concerns of different participants in the fishery regarding fishing capacity and their strategies for addressing these concerns central. I aim to demonstrate that such an approach can help us appreciate how overcapacity is generated through the action of particular people under particular conditions. At the same time, it can help us envision strategies for reducing overcapacity that are appropriate to particular fisheries and independent of measuring the phenomenon.

Indonesian Students in Cairo Knowledge Production in Transnational Social Spaces

Pemateri:
Professor Judith Schlehe (University of Freiburg)

12 Maret 2015Ruang Sidang 1 FIB UGM
Pukul 13.00

Links and knowledge networks between the Malay-Indonesian world and the Middle East have a long history. At present there are about 3 500 Indonesian students enrolled at Al-Azhar University in Cairo. What does student mobility („intellectual pilgrimage“) mean for their visions of self and society? And how are cultural orientations in Indonesia influenced by academic migrants and alumni from the Middle East?
This paper will focus on the social conditions for the production of knowledge by investigating the ways how Indonesian students in Cairo organize their everyday life. It is based on two weeks of fieldwork in Cairo in December 2014 as part of a larger project on transnational academic cultures of cooperation.

Pemateri: Emma Baulch
(Senior Research Fellow School of Media and Communciations
Creative Industries Faculty Queensland University of Technology)

Judul: Mobile Indonesians: Social Differentiation and Digital Literacies in The 21st Century

15 Januari 2015
Ruang Sidang 1 FIB UGM – Pukul 13.00

The talk will be presented by Emma Baulch and Jerry Watkins , co-investigators on the research project ‘Mobile Indonesians: social differentiation and digital literacies in the 21st century’, funded by the Australian Research Council. In the talk, Emma and Jerry will present their preliminary findings from their research into the roles of mobile phones in two areas of public communication in Indonesia, pertaining to public health (particularly HIV outreach) and popular culture, respectively. The widespread uptake of mobile phones in recent years has the capacity to enhance HIV outreach workers ability to collect and analyse public health data, and by extension, to empower locally based community health organisations to monitor and evaluate their programs, and to input national level policies. The same popularisation of mobile phones has also shaped consumption of popular culture in new ways, with new political consequences. Mobile phones not only enhance the political power invested in pop idols, but also render the socio-cultural implications of consuming pop much more complex and diffuse. Emma and Jerry will briefly talk about these two case studies in their research into mobile phones, with a view to provoking a discussion about new research agenda pertaining to Indonesian digital society.

16 Desember 2014
Ruang Sidang 1 FIB UGM – Pukul 09.00

Pemateri: Timo Markus Duile
(PhD Candidate, University of Bonn, Germany)

Judul:
“Nature and Identity: Dayak movements within the context of ecological conflicts in West-Kalimantan”

Moderator:
Mark Philip Stadler, MA, MSc
(PhD Fellow at Asian Dynamics Initiative, Department of Cross-Cultural and Regional Studies, University of Copenhagen)

Nature in the Indonesian province of West-Kalimantan is contested in at least two ways: First, it is contested as a resource, especially since palm oil plantations found their way into West-Kalimantan and capital seeks for new strategies of accumulation in this part of the Indonesian periphery. A massive loss of forest and an accumulation of land in the hands of palm oil companies since the 80s are the result. Secondly, nature is contested in a discoursive-symbolic way: Actors are arguing about the very meaning of nature. The hegemonic meaning of nature that takes nature as an ensemble of resources and as the opposition of human society is challenged by indigenous actors like AMAN or the Pontianak-based Institut Dayakologi.
Alternative interpretations of nature became an important source for neo-traditional Dayak identity, since these interpretations helps indigenous activists to distinguish themselves from their constitutive outside, that are, the state of Indonesia as a neo-extractivist regime, palm oil companies and modernity with its premises of the distinction between nature and culture.
How do indigenous actors, then, conceptualize nature in contrast to hegemonic perceptions of nature and how can these conceptualization challenge ownership structures and strengthen traditional identities? Referring to Phlippe Descola’s ontological concept of animism and naturalism, indigenous activist’s concepts of nature are analyzed and it will be discussed whether their draft of nature and identity can challenge the threats indigenous societies are confronted with.